Will the performance of a portable CO2 alloy steel fire extinguisher be affected by different ambient temperatures

Portable carbon dioxide (CO2) alloy steel fire extinguishers are widely used in industrial, commercial, and residential firefighting applications. They contain liquid CO2 stored under high pressure. When released, it rapidly expands into gas, reducing the oxygen supply and lowering the temperature of the fire source, effectively extinguishing flames. Alloy steel cylinders ensure structural strength under high pressure while offering excellent corrosion resistance for long-term use.

Impact of Environmental Temperature on Performance

Environmental temperature affects CO2 fire extinguisher performance in terms of internal pressure, discharge speed, and coverage efficiency. The liquid CO2 inside is highly sensitive to temperature. As temperature rises, internal pressure increases, potentially approaching the safety limit. When temperature drops, pressure decreases, reducing the discharge distance and flow rate.

In low-temperature environments, especially below -20°C, the vapor pressure of CO2 decreases significantly, which can cause reduced discharge efficiency or longer discharge times, affecting firefighting effectiveness. High temperatures above 50°C increase cylinder pressure. Without proper pressure relief mechanisms, there is a risk of safety hazards. Proper storage and usage within the design temperature range are critical to maintaining performance.

Effects of Temperature Changes on Discharge Efficiency

Discharge distance and speed are crucial for covering fire areas effectively. In cold environments, CO2 may not atomize properly, and gas expansion slows, reducing discharge range and slowing fire suppression. High temperatures can cause rapid CO2 vaporization, increasing initial discharge pressure and distance. Improper handling in these conditions may create recoil or control difficulties for the operator.

The temperature-dependent discharge efficiency also influences the choice of extinguishers. In cold climates, low-temperature-tolerant models are recommended, with regular inspection of pressure gauges and discharge performance. In hot climates, extinguishers should be protected from direct sunlight and heat sources to avoid overpressure risks.

Storage and Maintenance for Temperature Adaptation

Long-term performance depends on proper storage and routine maintenance. Fire extinguishers should be kept in dry, ventilated areas, avoiding sudden temperature changes. In cold environments, protect cylinders from ice or frost contact using insulation or controlled storage. In hot environments, keep cylinders away from heat sources and sunlight, and inspect the cylinder surface regularly for corrosion or deformation.

Maintenance should focus on ensuring pressure gauges remain in the safe zone, valves operate smoothly, and nozzles are unobstructed. Cold conditions require inspection of O-rings and seals for aging or brittleness. Hot conditions require checking the reliability of pressure relief devices to ensure safe operation.